Apush: the Enduring Vision Ch 27 Notes

The Cold War (continued) Chapter 27 to page 837, plus 863-64 in Chapter 28 The Eisenhower Presidency 1. Eisenhower – What type of chief executive was he? He gave peace and stability. He gave a sense of unity, inspired confidence and even Democratic liberalism and republican like him . With McCarthyism and desegregation of schools, he had a hand off approach. 2. â€Å"Dynamic Conservatism† – How did it differ from conventional conservatism? – Reduce taxes, contain inflation, and govern efficiently without surrendering the fundamentals of the New Deal. 3. William F. Buckley, National Review, John Birch Society – A young conservative yale graduate who founded the National Review in 1955 -> claimed that domestic communism was a major subversive threat. John Birch Society was at the top of this belief, it also denounced Eisenhower as a communist conspiracy. 4. Joseph McCarthy and the Army-McCarthy Hearings – THE DOWNFALL OF McCarthy. He was made that one of his aides had not received a draft deferment, so that senator accused the army in 1954 of harboring communists.Army countered saying that he had tried to get preferential treatment for the aide who had been drafted. ON NATIONAL TV. Died 1957 from alcoholism -> fear still lingered of communists HUAC still alive.5. Interstate Highway Act ( 830) – what effects did it have? – In 1954 Eisenhower set up a high powered commission to recommend a highway program that would cost as much as the war. – over 100 billion spent- largest and most expensive public works scheme in American history. – freeway helped unify Americans by increasing the accessibility of once distant regions. FAST FOOD CHAINS MICKEY D’s26.Earl Warren – new chief justice in 19537. Jencks v. U. S. – Court held that the accused had the right to inspect government files us ed by the prosecution8. Yates v. U. S. -The justices overturned the convictions of Communist Party officials under the Smith act. Essentially ended further prosecutions of communists. -> opposition to warren from the right wing9. Brown v. Board of Education, â€Å" all deliberate speed,† – End of segregated schools.10. Orval Faubus – Arkansas governor mobilized the state’s national Guard to bar nine AA students from entering the school .11. Southern Manifesto – In 1956, more than a hundred members of Congress signed this, denouncing Brown as â€Å" a clear abuse of judicial power. †12. Civil Rights Acts of 1957 and 1960 – 1957 : the first since Reconstruction, est a permanent commission on civil rights, but did little for black votes. 1960 strengthened it. Neither act empowered fed officials to register AA to vote. The Cold War Continues13. Korean war armistice – July 1953 established 38th parallel b/n North and South Korea. Ei senhower veiled nuclear weapons right before the armistice was signed.14.John Foster Dulles and â€Å"brinksmanship† – Secretary of State for Eisenhower, a Presbyerian, crazy religious -> wanted holy war against atheist. Brinksmanship, the art of never back down in a crisis, even if it meant risking war ( opinion against communism)15. Atmospheric Test suspension – In 1958, as a first step toward a test-ban treaty, both the U. S. and Soviet Union temporarily suspended nuclear testing. This informal moratorium on nuclear testing was ended in September 1961 by the Soviet Union. Two weeks later, the U. S. responded by conducting its own test series.The resumption of nuclear testing produced much radioactive and political fallout. The public concern about the fallout danger finally produced enough political pressure to force negotiations of a test-ban treaty.16. Emphasis on nuclear weapons as â€Å"more bang for the buck† – instead of traditional force, now the new look defense program promised more bang for the buck, NUKE EM for def.17. Shooting down of US spy plane –18. Allen Dulles – CIA commander chosen by Eisenhower, a veteran of wartime operations (brother is SoS)19. CIA & Iran – 1953, CIA organized coup to overthrow government of Iran in fear of oil fields to Soviets. Replaced prime minister with pro-American Shah Reza Pahlavi. -> Iran hatrid20. CIA & Guatemala – 1953 overthrew leftist elected government in Guatemala because took took United Fruit Company land, and then we took em back.21. Indochina (Vietnam) – Most extensive CIA operations happened here in the 1950s. With the outbreak of war in Korea, and Communist MAo Zedong – > Indochina key battleground. U. S aids 75% of French forces. But they still lost. French wanted their help! What shall they do?22. the Geneva Peace Accords US rejection of the Geneva Peace ACcords – international conference hich arranged a cease-fire and temporarily divided Vietnam. United States never agreed to this. United States created SEATO.23. Division of Vietnam – 17th parallel.24. the National Liberation Front – Diem’s opponents created the NLF, backed by North Vietnam, the insurgency attracted broad support and soon controlled half of South Vietnam. DIEM cOST 1 billion. (DEAN SHUDA BEEN IN NAM)25. Ngo Dinh Diem – U. S made this anti communist Catholic man the premier, then president of an independent South Vietnam. CIA agents helped Diem train his armed forces and block the 1956 election to unify Vietnam. They did this because if there was an election, likely 80% of the population would have voted for communism. NO DOMINO.26. â€Å"domino theory – If one country falls to communist, more will follow. Do not let Vietnam fall. If it did, Burma, Thailand, Indonesia, and the rest of Asia would eventually fall.27. The Suez crisis- In 1954 when Gamal Abdel Nasser came to power in Egypt, he canceled a previous loan from the United States to finance the government, which followed the nationalization of the British-owned Suez Canal. British believed the Canal to be the lifeline of their empire -> take it back by force! British supported by France (fear Arab nationalism in their Algerian colony) & Israel ( fear of Egyptian Army). – Egypt attacked 1956 –> Ike was mad because war could drive Arabs to Russia. –> Eisenhower Doctrine28. Eisenhower Doctrine – 1957, proclaiming that the UNited States would send military aid and, if necessary, troops to any Middle eastern nation threatened by â€Å"communist aggression. † –> 14k troops in Lebanon in July 1958 to quell a threatened Muslim revolt against its pro-western regime.29. Military industrial complex. Cold War Activism30. Space race/ Sputnik/ NASA / NDEA / ICBM – NOtes31. Kennedy Tapes -Secret tapes recorded inside the white house that only the president and two secret CIA ag ents knew about.32. Peace Corps – created in 1961, exemplified the New Frontier’s liberal anticommunism. By 1963, there were 5k volunteers in Third World countries including teachers, sanitation engineers, crop specialists, and health workers.33. Fidel Castro & Che, Cuban Revolution (1959) -From US supported Dictatorship to Communist run dictatorship. At first people liked Fidel Castro Overthrowing the previous president and promoting democracy but that didn’t last long†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.34. Bay of Pigs fiasco. Any conflict with Good Neighbor Policy- JFK really messed up. he deprived the 15k anti-Castro exiles of air support. JFK accepted the blame.35. The Berlin Crisis and the Berlin Wall. – Notes 36. The Cuban Missile Crisis / how started? / major players? / Options? / Deal? – USSR set up missile bases in Cuba, US spy planes find out. Khrushchev lied straight to JFK face. Options: Airstrike, Invasion, Blockade, Negotiation. (ask for more? )37. Nikita Khrushchev – Premier of USSR38. Robert Kennedy / Robert McNamara – Attorney General, and Secretary of Defense.39 . he â€Å"hotline† – Two months after signing an agreement to establish a 24-hour-a-day â€Å"hot line† between Moscow and Washington, the system goes into effect. The hot line was supposed to help speed communication between the governments of the United States and the Soviet Union and help prevent the possibility of an accidental war. In June 1963, American and Russian representatives agreed to establish a so-called â€Å"hot line† between Moscow and Washington. The agreement came just months after the October 1962 Cuban missile crisis, in which the United States and Soviet Union came to the brink of nuclear conflict.It was hoped that speedier and more secure communications between the two nuclear superpowers would forestall such crises in the future. In August 1963, the system was ready to be tested.40. Atmospheric and unders ea test ban treaty – In 1958, as a first step toward a test-ban treaty, both the U. S. and Soviet Union temporarily suspended nuclear testing. This informal moratorium on nuclear testing was ended in September 1961 by the Soviet Union. Two weeks later, the U. S. responded by conducting its own test series. The resumption of nuclear testing produced much radioactive and political fallout.

Salvador Dali – Dream Caused by the Flight of a Bee around

Salvador Dali went to the art school Academia De San Fernando in Spain, and rather than taking it seriously, he dressed oddly and preferred to daydream during classes. He was expelled. The rise of Franco in Spain led to Dalais expulsion from the Surrealist movement, but that did not prevent him from painting. He later married Elena Dinnertime Additional, or simply known as Gala, which became his muse and inspiration. When Dali was still in school, he studied many artist movements in which one was Dada, a post-World War I anti-establishment cultural movement.Although political, it philosophically influenced his paintings. He also traveled to Paris, France and met up with Pablo Picasso, whom he highly respected. He also met Joan Mirror, Paul Alular and Rene Emigrate, who introduced Dali to Surrealism. Dalais paintings became associated with three general themes: depicting a measure of man's universe and his sensations, the use of collage; and objects charged with sexual symbolism, and ideographic imagery.Dream Caused by the Flight of a Bee around a Pomegranate a Second before Awakening, or Dream Caused by the Flight of a Bee for horn, shows quite a few of his themes, including sexual symbolism depicted by Gala Dali his wife, his idea of the degree of universe in a dream and also collages of images from his dream. And © Breton, whose manifesto the Surrealist movement was based off, first formed surrealist art: â€Å"Pure psychic automatism, by which one proposes to express, either verbally, in writing, or by any other manner, the real functioning of thought.Dictation of thought in the absence of all control exercised by reason, outside of all aesthetic and moral preoccupation. † Surrealism was illogical, unexpected Juxtapositions of disparate elements in collages, and at first, it was a highly controversial movement, often insisted to be referred to as ‘revolutionary'. The group's works consisted of unreal and or dreamlike images of everyday objects , twisted and distorted into paintings and writings of ‘art'.In Dream Caused by a Flight of a Bee, it is extremely perverse for a fish to burst out of a pomegranate, then to spew out a tiger, which in turn spews out another one tiger and a bayonet – only to sting Gala in the arm. It is clear that this is an image that was enervated by the mind, and shown on canvas. Although it seems exceedingly impossible, the style of art is intended to be generally surreal. Dali chose to paint Gala as his subject because he loved her so much; she was his motivation and source of his creativity.Due to his desolate past, he had probably not been as close to anyone as much as Gala to use her as his subject in many of his paintings, including Dream Caused by a Flight of a Bee. It shows us as viewers a glimpse of his personal life, his choice of thought to put his subjects in a certain composition. Dream Caused by a Flight of a Bee was composed very well, as it has a clear meaning, as well as it showing through in the title of the piece. Formal Analytical Framework Dream Caused by a Flight of a Bee was painted with oil paints on canvas, which allows for the realistic finish of unrealistic matter.The fine details were rendered by brush, which creates the smooth appearance. Salvador Dali has used many elements and principles, which are incorporated to make Dream Caused by a Flight of a Bee. One of the main elements shown is color; the vibrant colors exaggerate the rent occurrence. The bright yellows used to paint the tigers are false to the real color of tigers, which brings out the focal point of the artwork. The contrast of colors also helps separate the background from the objects.The color of the background has more white blended into it, forming a hazy effect, as compared to the tigers, the fish and the pomegranate, where the colors are more pure with fewer colors mixed in. Gala, atop the rock slab, is more a neutral color to balance out the painting. Dali has als o used color as a way of representing something, for example he yellow and black stripe on the tiger to represent a bee's body. Although not as obvious, tone has also been used to highlight the three-dimensional feel.The overall mood created by these elements has produced a dreamlike texture, with the soft background, and the surrealistically of the objects. The composition of this Dream Caused by a Flight of a Bee also plays a considerably large part in forming this piece. The first thing a viewer might see is Gala and the tigers, followed by the strange elephant in the background, then followed by all the smaller details. By putting the tigers close to center, it emphasizes the meaning of the piece, as the viewer slowly starts to out the story together.There is also a certain rhythm of the arrangement, especially of the pomegranates, and the overall composition of the tigers and bayonet coming out of the fish, out of the larger pomegranate. This certain arrangement forms a bee, wh ich is repeated towards center bottom, under Gala. In Dream Caused by a Flight of a Bee, â€Å"A typical dream with a long theme, the consequences of a sudden accident that causes the awakening†, Salvador Dali has seed many symbols, in which some include a bee, an insect that traditionally symbolizes the Virgin.The pomegranate with the two droplets of suspended water can be used as a Christian symbol of fertility and resurrection, or it could also represent Venus because of the heart-shaped shadow it casts. The fish, two tigers and bayonet supposedly make up the body of a bee, showing the two sides of the bee's symbolism. The elephant carrying an obelisk is allegedly a distorted version of â€Å"Pulling Della Minerva† sculpture in Rome. Dali has explored to some extent his idea f the world of dreams in a dreamboats, and has shown the events in which a dream can occur, and the split second a person (Gala) could be awoken by Just a small provocation.

Juicy Red Tomato Company Essay

Point of View In Juicy Red Tomato Company case analysis, we will take the company owner’s point of view. Observation Juicy Red Tomato Company (JRT), a tomato grower operating in Florida is paying attention in determining (1) the effectiveness and competence of its organizational structure, and (2) the selection and prolongation of managerial personnel stay in the company. Internal expenditures are getting higher. Also, key workforces are leaving. Lastly, the company is thinking if they are going to spread out its operations. Preliminary Data Gathering (Interview, Literature Survey) Accomplished introductory interviews within the organization and investigated of the produce industry, and company circumstances with related challenges. For 15 years, the business has been operational. During those years, it has full-fledged at a scale of about 5% per year. For its first 10 years of the company’s subsistence, expenses have remained stable. But over the preceding 3 years, costs have increased by 2.5% to 4%. Grounds mentioned by Juicy Red Tomato Company include unanticipated temperature falling off, pests, and augmented labor expenses. Management has had a tendency to come from inside the organization, as long-standing employees â€Å"rise through the ranks†. Over the previous year, many long-term, key personnel have left because they think they have â€Å"no future† waiting for them with JRT. On the other hand, Juicy Red Tomato Company is on the brink for an improved rate of growth. It is by means of potential spreading out of the business. Problem Definition (Research problem demarcated) It seems that there has been a lack of communication between manufacture and operations. Therefore, it can be concluded that at Juicy Red Tomato Company, the organizational structure needs to be more participatory and adaptable. Furthermore, there is a high need for maintenance across all levels of employees, managerial personnel, as well as frontline workers. Theoretical Framework (Variable clearly identified and categorized) In the world of innovation and alteration we are living today, one of the most important supervision challenges is fabricating more flexible organizational structures. According to Participatory Management, Teamwork, and Leadership by Jaime Herrera S., an expert in human-resource development and organizational development, the participatory model of management must be established on ideology and values. It has to go along together with a statement of purpose and can materialize the foundation of a mission statement. An organization calls for an extensive, shared mental picture of the future, a distinctiveness, a standpoint with relation to its goals and how they can be achieved. It also needs a management that knows how to make everyone head to same direction and a leadership that is a propelling strength for change and which derives its power from a philosophy of absolute trust and dedication. Nowadays, organizations are switching their old vertical hierarchical formation with new horizontal or structures that are matrix based. It is connecting traditional utilities through inter functional teams, and establishing tactical agreement with suppliers, consumers and even competitors. In fact, the future company has an organizational structure that is possible to reconfigure so that it can achieve the finest use of teams that are flexible and whose personality varies over time. It is in coordination with an outcome of the satisfaction of market and consumers’ necessities and expectations. Also, it has to consider the performance of competitors and other market aspects. The acquirement of indispensable competencies and the formation of consortiums to make access available to potentials and resources for those who do not possess them are factors that must not be disregarded. The style of management must transform from one that is of control to one that is of training and supervision. The organization should move to the perception of an organization that is without boundaries. The structure of an organization without boundaries is based on a paradigm that lay emphasis on the free movement of individuals, information, ideas, procedures, responsibilities and resources of every type. (S., 2001) Furthermore, there are two classifications of organizational structures that are widely used today: the mechanistic structure and the organic structure. These are developed by Tom Burns and G. M. Stalker who conducted their study of electronics firms in the U.K. in the case of JRT, the most appropriate organizational structure is the organic structure. It is more flexible and more adjustable to a participative type of administration. Also, it is not as much concerned with a clearly classified structure. An organic structure is receptive to the environment so that it can venture on new opportunities. Organic organizations are also called flat organizations. These organizations have decentralized tactic to management. It encourages high employee participation in making decisions. Its chief purpose is to form small enterprises that are independent and can respond easily and immediately to the needs of the customers or to the changes in the business atmosphere. JRT can also apply boundaryless organizations. Like flat organizations, it put highlight on teams. Horizontal hindrances are dispersed by cross-functional teams. It also enables the company to have immediate response to changes in environment. In additional, it allows the organization to lead innovation. Boundaryless organizations are able to form relationships with customers, dealers, and even with its competitors. These relationships can be regarding shared ventures, intellectual assets, monetary resources, or allocation channels. Tactical associations, customer-organization connections and telecommuting can dissolve external boundaries. Production activities are being modernized and become more efficient. In smoothing the progress of interactions with their customers and suppliers, Jack Welch first applied this un-structure. Welch is the former CEO of General Electric. (Supervision, 1998) A boundaryless organization is also a learning organization. This is for the reason that learning organizations necessitates boundaryless surroundings to assist sharing of information and collaboration of teams. When all members play a functional role in identifying issues that are work-related and able to resolve them, the organization is able to cultivate unremitting capacity to adjust and endure in a gradually more competitive environment. Eventually, it will acquire learning culture. A learning organization is able to fit and respond to alterations. It authorizes employees because they gain and share learning and use it in making decisions. To enhance performance, they bring together cooperative intelligence and accelerate creative thought. They are partaking and aligning the company’s visualization of the future. They also nourish the meaning of community and glaring culture. (Supervision, 1998) On the retention issue of the employees, L. John Mason gives some tips in making your employees stay in the company. He got these advices from top executives and Human Resource managers that are very successful. Employers should be given proper care and concern. First thing to keep in mind is to treat them like your valued customers. Hiring and preparing new ones is more expensive than keeping your old workers. Secondly, tell them in a convincing way that they have a major role in the company’s vision. Also, the employee should know his/her workers and their strengths. The employee can put them in the right jobs and positions in the organization. They should still have fun while working. In the case of JRT, the management can come up with a committee of employees that will help utilize retention strategies. This is effective because employees know the need of their co-workers. In additional, the employee should give his/her best to compromise with the employees regarding their needs. Lastly, recognize their efforts. Make employees feel they are appreciated. (Mason, 2005) To make these things possible, appropriate training, improvement, and education should be given to the employees at the right time. Through this, the employer can make them more productive, increase their knowledge, and gain more loyalty. (S., 2001) Creating Of Hypothesis Juicy Red Tomato Company needs to pay much attention in retention of its managerial personnel and also of frontier manufacture employees. Moreover, JRT has to make some development in communication between production and processes. (â€Å"Philosophy Decision Analysis Homework Help†, 2004-2005) Improvement in organizational structures can also make a big difference in the company’s present scenario. Mason, L. J. (2005). Top 10 Retention Strategies: Save Money on Personnel Turnover [Electronic Version]. EzineArticle. Retrieved September 10, 2006 from http://www.ezinearticles.com/?Top-10-Retention-Strategies:-Save-Money-on-Personnel-Turnover&id=94632. Philosophy Decision Analysis Homework Help. (2004-2005). Retrieved September 10, 2006, from http://www.brainmass.com/homeworkhelp/philosophy/decisionanalysis/47971/ S., J. H. (2001). PARTICIPATORY MANAGEMENT, TEAMWORK AND LEADERSHIP: Key requirements for the success of organizations in the twenty-first century. Retrieved September 10, 2006, from http://www.itu.int/itudoc/itu-d/hrdqpub/hrdq/hrdq86/part_ww7.doc Supervision. (1998). Organizing Process Retrieved September 10, 2006, from http://telecollege.dcccd.edu/mgmt1374/book_contents/3organizing/org_process/org_process.htm

Assistive Technology Devices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Assistive Technology Devices - Essay Example The device used however will depend on the level of disability where some of individuals may be partially impaired and therefore require less technological advanced devices. This paper also discusses the various advantages and disadvantages associated with the use of these devices, it highlights the benefits the disabled may derive from the use of these devices and also discuss some of the possible problems that may result from the use of these devices. There are various types of assistive technology devices whose function depend on the kind of disability of an individual, the following is a definition of the various types of devices that aid individuals who are blind, deaf, have communication problem and those who suffer from other types of disabilities. Various assistive technology are available for the blind, some of these devices include eye glasses, books recorded on tape, Braille stylus, talking or large key calculators, Braille printer and speech feedback computers. All these devices are aimed at enhancing task performance among the blind or visually impaired individuals.1 Individuals with communication problems include individuals with language problems and devices that are used include the use of pictures and photographs, eye pointing systems, communication boards, voice output devices, touch screens, software dictionaries and translation devices. All these devices aid those individuals who have communication problems.2 Hearing disabilities: These devices are aimed at enhancing communication with those who have hearing problems, some of the hearing aids include amplified phone devices and headphones, telecaption decoders, vibrotactile devices, recorded books in CD and tapes, phonic ear and pictures and photographs.3 Other forms of disabilities: Other forms of disabilities include individual who have difficult in performing activities other than the individuals mentioned above, these devices in include tilt board, key guards, slant board, arm support, portable word processors, adapted keyboard and mouse, onscreen keyboards and modified computer software.4 Learning disabilities: Picture schedules, talking word processors that are portable, electronic reminders and reminders, word predicting software, talking devices, graphic software and text reading software.5 The diagram below shows a Braille used by the blind, from the diagram it is evident that each letter has a particular set of points which are read using the hand. Each section of the coded letter is a cell that contains 6 points, using the six points it is possible to have 64 different combinations and each set of dots have a different meaning, example in the above diagram shows the alphabets in Braille form. The above diagram was retrieved from www.braillecards.co.uk. Advancemrnt in technology has made devices that are more easier to use, for example the Braille assistive machine which is shown below. The diagram below shows a Braille assistive machine for the blind, from the diagram it is evident that each letter has a particular set of points which are read using the hand. The diagram was retrieved from www.lssproducts.com ADVANTAGES OF ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY: This section discusses the various advantages associated with assistive technology, these devices have greater

Toward Delivery of effective mobile government Coursework

Toward Delivery of effective mobile government - Coursework Example In Oman people can apply for jobs via SMS and at the same time the government can update its citizens and provide other services through the SMS. However, the success implementation of this program depends not only on the government support but also to the citizen’s willingness to accept and adopt the mobile government services. For that case it is important to note and understand the factors contributing to mobile government rather than traditional service delivery methods. In previous researches, adoption of the mobile government has determinants such as usefulness, ease of use, perceived risk, trustworthiness, compatibility, external influence, relative advantage, image and facilitating conditions (Dillon & Morris, 1996, pp.2-15). On the other hand, citizens are also influenced by certain factors for easy acceptability of the program. These factors include citizen’s trust, culture and gender difference. ... GCC was formed in 1981 to develop, coordinate, integrate, and interconnect the member states in all aspects and at the same time strengthen ties among its people (Dillon & Morris, 1996, pp.2-15). Because of the availability of oil resources in the region, the GCC of that particular region was considered to be the richest worldwide by the GCC Statistical Department in the year 2005 that estimated Gross Domestic Product of US$ 324.36 billion. According to the 2004 census by the Ministry of National Economy, Oman had a population of 2.34 million people with a growth rate of 2 percent and a density of 7.6 persons per square kilometre. In 2003, the illiteracy level of the Omani population was 17.8 percent as compared to the 31.8 percent in 1993 meaning that the country has greatly invested in education in the past few years. This is important in the sense that for smooth implementation of the mobile government, it requires citizens with reasonable level of education and income. The statis tics show that 5.9 percent of the population does hold post-secondary education qualifications hence it is easier to evaluate the population that could easily adapt to the mobile government. The Oman government had a vision 2020 to develop its economy, promote external economic relationship, diversify industries and develop a robust economy that has professional leadership and skilled labour force (Horst & Kuttschreuter, 2007, pp.1838-1852). To achieve these visions, it became apparent that Information Technology was an essential tool and hence the government started investing in the mobile government. Generally the ICT sector is still at an early

Computer security proposal report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Computer security proposal report - Assignment Example In simple words, computer security is the way of securing and identifying unlawful or illegal use of personal computer. In this scenario, there are a large number of prevention tools and techniques that help stop illegal users (as well recognized as "intruders") from getting access to any part of a computer system. In addition, detection allows us to find out whether or not someone has tried to force an entry our system, or they were successful, as well as what they may have access from the system (Armor2net Software Ltd.; Red Hat ®, Inc. ; Jaeger). The basic purpose of my research is to discuss computer security issues and their solutions. In this scenario, this paper outlines the plan for the overall research. The basic purpose of this research is to identify the latest security threats. This research will also discuss solutions that can be adopted by business organizations and individuals to deal with these security threats. The concept of computer security is not a new idea. It has been under discussion for a long time and its history can be traced back to the first use of the computer system. Up till now, computer security has remained a serious challenge for the business organizations as well as individuals. I have been excited to learn about what actually computer security is? My interest lies in exploring some of the serious computer security issues that cause serious challenges for computer users. I also want to explore security solutions that can be adopted to deal with these issues. The primary source of data collection would be the Internet. I would research on the internet and would get information from different journals and articles to recognize the latest security issues and solutions. I will also conduct surveys and interviews from the people who have suffered from these security threats. The basic purpose of these interviews and surveys would be to analyze some common trends and problems. The examples of these sources could

Logistics as a Customer-Focused Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Logistics as a Customer-Focused Strategy - Essay Example As the world of business and trade continue to expand globally, surviving in such a competitive market is no longer enough to buy the right goods at the right cost - business must also get them to the right place at the right time, and with the right operational costs. Doing this well requires the best possible logistics, combining the information that establish buying decisions with how the product arrives to customers at the most cost-effective way. In view of this, the vice president for logistics and electronic commerce for Asia-Pacific at FedEx, William Conley stressed that one of the four areas represented the future of the logistics industry is time compression, along with globalisation, electronic commerce and supply chain management. He said companies needed to understand essentially what logistics was and how it could benefit customers (Panozzo, 1999, p. 6).In further elaboration, logistics is centred on creating value, not just for customers and suppliers of the firm, but also value for the firm's stakeholders. Value in logistics is primarily expressed in terms of time and place. Products and services have no value unless they are in the possession of the customers when (time) and where (place) they wish to consume them (Ballou 2004, p. 6). However, value is added when customers are willing to pay more for a product or service than the cost to place it in their hands. To many firms throughout the world, logistics has become an increasingly important value-adding process for a numerous reasons. Looking at logistics through the perspective of the total supply chain, the ultimate Bowersox, Closs & Cooper (2002) emphasized that the customer is the end user of the product or service whose needs or requirements must be accommodated. It has historically been useful to distinguish between two types of end users. According to them, the first is a consumer, an individual or a household who purchases products and services to satisfy personal needs. When a family purchases an automobile to be used for personal transportation, that family is the consumer of the supply chain. The second type is an organizational end user, whose purchases are made by organizations or institutions to allow an end user to perform a task or job in the organization. When a company buys an automobile for a sales person or buys tools to be used by an assembly worker in a manufacturing plant, the company is considered to be a customer and the salesperson or assembly worker is the end user of the supply chain's products. A supply chain management perspective demands that all firms in the supply chain focus on meeting the needs and requirements of end users, whether they are consumers or organizational end users (p. 66). Moreover, Bowersox, Closs & Cooper (2002) insisted that the customer being serviced should be the first priority and the driving force in establishing logistical performance requirements, regardless

Participating in team sports helps to develop good character in Essay

Participating in team sports helps to develop good character in chidren - Essay Example Though the results from these studies are somehow conflicted, there is a solid argument that sports are influential in developing good character in children. Is character intrinsic in human beings? To comprehend this, one must understand the definition of character. The term â€Å"character† is employed to refer to an encompassment of qualities that make an individual distinguishable. These qualities are usually complex, which psychological and ethical influences shape an individual character. These definitions make it evident that character is not intrinsic. This is because of its psychological and ethical inclinations. These two factors are external and are influenced by an individual’s interaction with life. Good character may be defined as conducting oneself in a manner that is socially accepted. Therefore, for a child to have good character, it is imperative that they interact with the society in order to know what is accepted to be good and vice versa. Therefore, interactions such as sports may have a significant influence on character development in children that are positively viewed in the community. Children participation in team sports clearly has a consequence in the development of character in children. This is because sports make available an opportunity for children to learn qualities that entail good character. Some of these qualities include commitment, discipline, and teamwork among other qualities that are regarded as good character. Children, through sports, also understand better human relationships and how best to relate in society. The characters that are learned through sports influence the child’s life decisions in his or her lifetime (Dunlap, 2004). Character development in children is evident in sports through the development of principles. Principles depicted to be of good character include honesty, compassion, integrity, self-control, courage, hard work, etc.. These principles are learned in sports

Analysis of corporate governance of Home Depot Essay

Analysis of corporate governance of Home Depot - Essay Example It has been observed that shareholders participate in sharing of the profits that the organization earns but they do not frame a part of the responsibilities being undertaken within the organizational operations. Corresponding laws have been imposed in order to limit the shareholders’ liability for the organizational activities that ultimately results in their involvement within the operational processes. It can thus be ascertained that Board of Directors of any company endures certain obligations pertaining to the decision-making process that might affect the organization in the long run in the forms of Corporate Governance. Corporate governance basically relates to the relationship of shareholders, top management and Board of Directors for designing and planning the procedures and performances of the organization (Wheelen and Hunger 43-71). 2.1 – Board of Directors. The Founders of Home Depot included Arthur Blank, Kenneth Langone, and Bernard Marcus (Wheelen and Hung er 43-71). The current board of directors includes F. Duane Ackerman, Frank Blake, Ari Bousbib, Gregory D. Brenneman, J. Frank Brown, Albert (AI) Carey, Armando Codina, Helena B. Foulkes, Bonnie G. Hill, Karen L. Katen and Mark Vadon. Correspondingly, F. Duane Ackerm has been ascertained to be serving as a part of board of directors since 2007. ... Ari Bousbib has been serving as the Director since 2007. Previously, he had served as the President of Otis Elevator Company from 2002 to 2008 and prior to this he had also occupied the position of Chief Operating Officer from 2000 to 2002. He is required to perform wide range of activities particularly concerning over-sighting information technology, supply chain and other activities dealing with developing strategies of the company. Furthermore, with his experiences in the field and dedicated expertize, Mr. Ackerman provides advance managing skills and competencies to Home Depot by handling the most complex situations efficiently (Wheelen and Hunger 43-71). Gregory D. Brenneman has been serving as the Director of Home Depot since 2000. He has showed his competencies as a business leader in many of the well-known established organizations. His involvement and expertize within the management decisions has changed the entire scenario of many organizations. Prior to this, he had served as President and member of the Board in Continental Airlines Inc from 1996 to 2001 and Chief Operating Officer from 1995-2001. He renders his valuable service in terms of general management of the company as well as delivers his expertise concerning corporate finance, marketing and international aspects of the company. He also endures expertize in the corporate finance, supply chain and international matters among others. Mr. Brenneman is currently working as the chairman of CCPM Capital Advisers. This company is a private equity firm. Furthermore, he has also been employed as a chairman and in the position of a CEO of the company TurnWorks incorporation. Moreover, in his working career, he

Business Process Outsourcing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Business Process Outsourcing - Assignment Example However, this definition of service is redefined by the new world system with the proliferation of business process outsourcing, which allows the separate production and consumption of services. The emergence of business process outsourcing can be best understood by employing a PEST analysis, which looks at the important aspects of the society that includes political, economic, social, and technological. The political sector has created a favorable arena in which business process outsourcing can proliferate. Policies which help promote globalization are instituted facilitating the elimination the geographical boundaries among nations and easing the exchange of products, capital, and services. The economy is evolving into a single global village which allows the free flow of goods and services by the elimination of trade barriers. Labor intensive products and services are channeled to developing economies where labor is relatively cheaper. In terms of social aspects, it is visible that there has been a wide social acceptance of foreign culture which allows the acquisition of foreign language especially English. Technological advancement specifically created a way to easily t ransfer data across geographical boundaries. A European based insurance company which opts to utilise Indian firm for its data processing and call handling gains benefits through: productivity improvements; access to expertise; operational cost control; cost savings; improved accountability; improved human resource; and the opportunity to focus on core business. However, business process outsourcing runs the risk of loosing managerial control, threatens security and confidentiality, and lowers the flexibility of the service consumer to react to the changes and trends in the business environment. Business process outsourcing is considered as a sunshine industry in India. Business process outsourcing generates jobs in the economy, brings in large revenues, and aids in economic development. However, the Indian economy should also recognise the risk associated in allowing foreign firms utilise their labor force. Business process outsourcing is hasardous to workers as they need to cope with the significant time difference in between their location and the location of the service consumer. II. Introduction According to Kotler (2002), service is "any activity which or benefit that one party can offer to another which is essentially intangible and does not result in ownership of anything." In comparison to goods which are produced by manufacturers, service is characterised by four distinct characteristics which are not present in tangible goods: inseparability, which signifies that the provider and the consumer of the service should be in the same location; intangibility, which implies that the service cannot be fully assessed using the senses; variability, which recognises that the quality of the services is not consistent using different customers' perception; and perishability, which implies the inability to store services (Palmer 2004). However, service has been redefined by the current global economy. A closer look at how large business organisations undertake their day-to-day operations reveals that services are now separable. The growing globalisation ushered a new trend called business

SLA Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

SLA Theories - Essay Example From this study it is clear that the problem that therefore arises is that there is no common medium of communication in regards to the difference in language and therefore the acquisition of the second language for the communication and proper understanding to be very effective. One major factor that needs to be accepted and owned is that when it comes to the learning of the second language or foreign language, processes that are undergone while learning the language and the persons who are engaged in the learning of this kind of language are very much essential. This study highlights that the social condition arises to difficult in second language acquisition due to various situations that students find themselves in. Learners typically interact with other learners and some speakers of the target language are affected by through this process. Particular utterances, moves, and verbal exchange are the ones that determine the learners’ caption of the second language acquisition during learning. In such cases, hearing can be learnt in a different way opposite to understanding what has been said. This limits the acquiring of the new words or vocabularies and the sounds of those words. Activities also relate or contribute a lot to problems related to second language acquisition as used by new learners where a unique part is to be played to enhance it. Linguistic features if ignored they can contribute a lot to failure to adopt a second language acquisition during the TL which in full refers to target language. These feature s if limited can result to its limit due to the influence of the vernacular which can outdo the second language. In the provision of the solution to the problem, it is therefore quite in order for the putting into using various theories in the Second Language Acquisition (SLA).  

Jake in Transition Essay Example for Free

Jake in Transition Essay The following essay is in response to the Jake in Transition exhibit which displayed the many psychological and physical stages Jake went through to change his gender from a woman to a man. The artist of the exhibition demonstrated different stages of Jake’s transition from female to male. As the artists discussed in his interview, he felt â€Å"awkward† at first when photographing Jake. This awkwardness is to be expected, society has socialized us to feel certain ways about gender, creating stereotypical feelings. Since the time an individual is born, they are taught by society what is expected of them as either a male or female. However, in some cases such as Jake’s, some individuals are born one gender and feel as though their gender is a wrong fit. In Jakes case, he was born a female but was so uncomfortable in his own body that he felt he had to physically change it to a male body in order to be comfortable. I believe Jake felt the need to conform to society’s gender ‘norms†; his body was female but he felt he did not demonstrate typical female attributes as depicted by society. Jake went to extreme measures to conform. Jake discussed how he felt being a woman, his fear of being considered a â€Å"freak† because he was trapped inside a woman’s body with the mentality and tendencies of a man are a result of society’s ideology of gender roles. Jake went against this ideology when deciding to take surgical measures to become a man. Jake demonstrates his â€Å"natural† male instincts after his surgical procedure when he marries the woman he loves. Other activities he enjoys, such as, horse riding and playing the guitar are not typically attributed to either gender; as both men and women enjoy partaking in such activities but Jake however feels these are masculine activities. The exhibit displayed Jakes surgery photos, which caused me antagonistic feelings at first. I had not expected to be effected by this, breast surgeries are broadcasted on the television daily. Jake however, was removing her female identity, I am still unsure if this is a personal feeling or one that I have been trained by society to believe is wrong. I am leaning towards the latter, since I can not identify with Jake’s unhappiness with his born gender. I can not say I agree with changing ones gender through surgery. I do however understand Jake’s need to share his experience, in hopes to find acceptance in a society with such rigid gender norms. I question the underlying factor that caused Jake to go through such extremes as to remove all traces of femininity. I feel there must have been a deep resentment of his female body for him to go against nature and wipe out his female gender. If it were just a matter of sexuality, that Jake was attracted to females, I doubt it would have led to him getting surgery. I was deeply disturbed by the story of â€Å"x†. It disgusted me that anyone could have given birth to a baby for the sole purpose of using it for an experiment; and inevitably ruining its future. Baby X was raised without an identity. Gender roles, while drastically influenced by society, gives an individual a purpose. Jake was confused by his feelings which he did not associate with being female and thus changed his physical image to match his feelings of masculinity. X however, had no basis in which to judge its feelings. X was not socialized in a way that would help him understand his identity. Although we are not told what happens to X past elementary school, I foresee him having extreme emotional problems; more specifically, a lack of identity. Jake felt he did not fit in with females but X has no reference in which to judge if he fits in or not. Society influences how we see â€Å"normal† gender roles. Many, if not all, cultures have an essentialist view of what roles are contributed to males and females. While some individuals may feel that they do not conform to this ideology; Jake took drastic measures in which to conform. I think this says a lot for the extreme influence society has on gender roles. Jake wanted his body to look as masculine as he felt; so he would not feel like a contradiction to societies norms.

Tools And Techniques In Environmental Analysis Commerce Essay

Tools And Techniques In Environmental Analysis Commerce Essay Strategic management is also called institutional management. It is the art and science of making, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decision making that helps an organization to achieve its long-term objectives. In this process the organizations mission, vision and objectives are discussed and developed. After these objectives are developed, the policies, plans, with respect to projects and programs, are designed, and then resources are allocated or budgeted to implement them and achieve the objectives. (wikipedia n.d.) Strategic management consists of a set of activities that come under setting goals and over the process of putting together tactics to achieve these goals and objectives. How strategic management is carried out depends on the organizational structure of the company. The Board of Directors, the management team as well as other stake holders of the company can be involved in these activities that fall under strategic management. Strategy can be defined as unified, comprehensive and integrated plan that relates to the strategic advantages of the firm to the challenges of the environment. It is designed to ensure that the basic objectives of the enterprise are achieved through the proper execution by the organization. (Jauch and Glueck 1988) Formulating a strategy for achieving an objective or a set of objectives is a combines three main processes which are: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ By analyzing the situation, self-evaluation and competitor analysis: both internal and external, both micro-environmental and macro-environmental. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ After this assessment, objectives are set. These objectives should be parallel to a time-line; some are in the short-term and others on the long-term. This involves creating vision statements (which is the long term view of a possible future), mission statements (which is the role that the organization gives itself in society), overall corporate objectives (both financial and strategic), strategic business unit objectives (both financial and strategic), and tactical objectives. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ These objectives should be studied along with the results of the situation analysis and a strategic plan can be formulated. The plan provides the details of how to achieve these objectives. Environmental analysis is a process that begins from identification of environmental factors, assessing their nature and impact, auditing them to find their impact to the business, and making various profiles for positioning. All the decisions taken by the organization and the impact of these decisions depend on the organizations internal and external environmental factors. These environmental factors should be carefully analyzed before taking any decisions. Environmental analysis is made up of the processes of scanning, monitoring, analyzing, and forecasting the business situations and variables of the environment. Scanning is done to get information from the environment. Monitoring is done to check the nature of the environmental factors. Analyzing requires data collection and the use of tools and techniques. Forecasting is a method to find the future possibilities based on the past results and present scenario. (Business Environment Analysis n.d.) Different types of methods, tools, and techniques are used for environmental analysis. Some of the major methods of analysis are Scenario Building, Benchmarking, and Network methods. Scenario building gives an overall picture of the total system with the factors which affect it. Benchmarking is to find the best standard in an industry and to compare the ones strengths and weakness with the standard. Network method is to assess organizational systems and its outside environment to find the strength and weakness, opportunity and threats of an organization. Some of the techniques of primary information collection can be Delphi, Brainstorming, Survey, and Historical enquiry. Delphi technique collects independent information from the experts without mixing them. Brainstorming is information collection technique being open minded without criticizing others. Survey is to design questions and to ask them to the participants whereas the historical enquiry is a kind of case analysis of past period. Analysis tools can be statistical such general descriptive tools as mean, median, mode, frequency or tools can be inferential as ANOVA, correlation, regression, factor, cluster, and multiple regression analysis. (BADU 2002) SWOT Analysis A scan of the internal and external environment is an important part of the strategic planning process. Environmental factors internal to the firm usually can be classified as strengths (S) or weaknesses (W), and those external to the firm can be classified as opportunities (O) or threats (T). This is called SWOT analysis. (QuickMBA n.d.) The SWOT analysis provides information that is helpful in matching the firms resources and capabilities to the environment in which it operates. The SWOT Matrix A matrix of these factors can be constructed. This matrix will be helpful in developing the strategies for the firm. The SWOT matrix (also known as a TOWS Matrix) is shown in the next page: SWOT / TOWS Matrix Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities S-O strategies W-O strategies Threats S-T strategies W-T strategies S-O strategies pursue opportunities that are a good fit to the companys strengths. W-O strategies overcome weaknesses to pursue opportunities. S-T strategies identify ways that the firm can use its strengths to reduce its vulnerability to external threats. W-T strategies establish a defensive plan to prevent the firms weaknesses from making it highly susceptible to external threats. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS OR EXTERNAL AUDIT The organizations should adapt themselves and their strategy to the external environment which is constantly changing. The external environment is also called macro environment. These forces of the external environment cannot be controlled and can be analyzed using a variety of tools and techniques such as Environmental Scanning and PEST analysis. Environmental Scanning Environmental scanning is defined as the process that seeks information about events and relationships in a firms environment, the knowledge of which help top management chart the firms future. In this process, the external environment is divided into sectors or areas such as political, economic, cultural, technological and further analysis such as Pest analysis can be done after scanning the environment. Information is collected by monitoring and forecasting any changes that occur to the variables of the environment that have been identified earlier. This collection of information helps the organizations to find out where they are lacking and what exactly they need which helps them in formulating the strategies. (Acar 1995) Environmental scanning is used to gather information from the environment. PEST Analysis A PEST analysis looks at the Political, Economic, Social and Technological drivers or the external forces that affect the organization. It is most useful when used together with other tools such as the SWOT analysis. Political Factors These factors may have direct or indirect impact on the organizations operation. Decisions made by the government may have an effect on the business. The political arena has a big influence on how organization operates. Economic Factors Economic factors such as the market prices and market cycles affect the purchasing power and behavior of the consumers. Sociological Factors These factors include the demography, lifestyle, cultural aspects of the consumers. These factors have a big influence on the consumer needs and wants. Sociological factors also affect the size of potential markets. Technological Factors Technological changes play an important role in shaping how organizations operate. Technological factor is very important to gain competitive advantage. Technological innovation can also improve the production efficiency, quality and speed. New technology is changing how organizations operate. Porters Five Forces Analysis Porter identified the following five forces model of competitive strategy: The threat of new entrants and the appearance of new competitors The degree of rivalry among existing competitors in the market The bargaining power of buyers The bargaining power of suppliers The threat of substitute products or services which could shrink the market The strength of each of these forces varies from industry to industry, but taken together they determine long-term profitability. These five factors affect the strategy of the organization. It is important to analyze and study these five forces to be able to craft a successful strategy. To be successful, the organization must respond effectively to the pressures of these five forces. INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS The resources, strengths, behaviors, weakness and distinctive competences are major components of the internal environment of an organization. An organization uses different types of resources which help them achieve their objectives and the way in which they utilize their resources can be the source of their strengths or weaknesses. This can also be defined as organizational capability which is used to develop the strategies and objectives which the organization can achieve and these should not unrealistic according to its capabilities. Some of the components of the internal environment of an organization are: Organizational Resources These are all the tangible and intangible inputs used in the organization to create outputs in the firm of product or services through a transformation process. Organizational Behavior The behavior of an organization demonstrates is the result of forces operating internally which will determine the ability or constraints in the usage of resources. Competency Competency of an organization is the ability to do what its competitors cannot do or the ability to do better than what they can do. This concept is used for strategy formulation. CONCLUSION It can be seen that the analysis of the environment is critical to the success of the decisions that managers have to make which have widespread impact on the functions and processes of the business.

Analysis of NFL Injuries

Analysis of NFL Injuries INTRODUCTION Achilles tendon (AT) ruptures are increasing in incidence across all populations[1-9]. Recent large-scale analyses put the incidence as high as 7-40 ruptures per 100,000 person-years[3-5, 10]. A 33-year study from Finland discovered from 1979 to 2011 the injury rate increased from 2.1 to 21.5 ruptures per 100 person-years in all age groups and activities[6]. Even in the athlete population, the number of athletes suffering AT ruptures is increasing which poses a potentially career-altering and even ending injury[1, 6, 11-13]. Nearly a third (27.5-32%) of all National Football League (NFL) players who suffer an AT rupture are unable to return to competition[13, 14]. In the NFL from 1980-2001, around 4 AT ruptures that required surgical intervention occurred each year[11]. From 2009 to 2014 in the NFL, there was an average of 14.67 (Standard deviation: 4.13) AT ruptures each season[15]. These ruptures are seen most frequently in running, jumping and cutting movements[6, 12, 16]. Achilles tendon ruptures typically occur from a non-contact mechanism during explosive acceleration or a sudden change of direction with an eccentrically loaded foot[14]. The AT has elastic properties that are required for locomotion and is the strongest tendon in the human body[12, 17, 18]. This elastic nature and strength allows it to transmit high forces, up to 12 times ones body weight[17, 19, 20]. Durability requirements of the AT create a unique set of challenges in proper treatment decisions. Current reconstruction concepts differ behind the ideal treatment strategy[9, 21]. The recovery process from all surgical techniques is an arduous challenge involving significant physical therapy and medical treatment. Unfortunately a majority of patients, especially those in the general population are able to return to a pre-injury level, with the current exception being elite athletes[22]. Although several studies evaluate AT ruptures in multiple populations, including professional athletics, studies that assess trends in professional football are scarce. NFL athletes provide an interesting patient population due to the intricate details and variables reported for every game where data is archived and widely available. A recent NFL Injury Surveillance System (ISS) analysis by Mai HT et al., discovered only a 72.5% return to play rate for athletes who suffered an AT rupture. If the athlete was able to return, the average return was 375.1 days, similar to the recovery period for ACL reconstruction (378.1 days)[13]. Athletes fortunate enough to return to competitive action frequently experience a significant decline in performance, and their competitive athletic longevity may be shortened[13, 14, 23]. The potential devastating effect on high-level athletes has required the development of ideas to optimize treatment management and improve return to play rates[23]. Previously, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries have been scrutinized due to their high incidence, long rehabilitative process and potential career-threatening nature of the injury[24]. A recent review by Balazs et al. identified four studies that found an increased risk of ACL injury on artificial playing surfaces in football cohorts, although these findings are not consistent across all studies[24]. Current research evaluates multiple variables in efforts to find potential contributing risk factors, including playing surface, that may increase the risk and rate of these devastating injuries[24, 25]. Identifying and understanding risk factors from prior research has been used to develop and improve protocols and outcomes after ACL injuries[24]. With the growing incidence of AT injuries, research is necessary to improve management and prevention of AT ruptures, especially in football players where the current literature is limited. This study performed an extensive review of reported NFL injuries from public injury records and injury reports during the 2009-10 to 2016-17 seasons. This data was compiled to monitor the incidence and injury rates of AT injuries that occurred during the regular season to evaluate the influence of playing surface on rupture rate. Additionally, further analysis to identify potential effects of position and frequency of injury at different periods of the season on AT ruptures was performed to guide future studies. Our hypothesis is that playing surface has no impact on the incidence and injury rate of AT ruptures in professional football players despite a recent overall increase in AT ruptures. METHODS A thorough online review was conducted by three co-authors to document AT ruptures sustained in the NFL between the 2009-10 and 2016-17 seasons. Online search criteria consisted of information acquired from Rotoworld.com, NFL.com, ESPN.com, SBNation.com, SI.com and from each teams local sports reports and blogs covering the team. Open searches through Google.com utilized combinations of the words Achilles and tendon along with the player, team and year of injury. Published weekly injury reports and team injury reserve lists were utilized to identify players who suffered injuries to their lower extremity or leg. Their names were added to the open internet search key words in attempts to improve accuracy of documenting all AT ruptures of NFL athletes. Only injuries with corresponding reports that confirmed the injury were included. Additional information gathered through the online search and acquired reports included player-specific details including team, position, approximate date of injury, activity at time of injury and other injury specific details including mechanism and playing surface when available. Injury incidence was recorded for each season. A season was defined as the day after the prior Super Bowl until the day of the Super Bowl in each given season. Descriptive statistics characterizing the injuries by playing surface, time in the season (broken up in to four game segments specific to each team considering their bye week) and players participating on offense, defense or being a specialist (i.e. kicker, punter, long-snapper) were determined for analysis. As previously described by Lawrence et al., injury rates were calculated per 100 team-games (TG)[26]. A TG is defined as one team exposure to a game[26]. One regular season or post-season game is equal to two TG as there are two individual teams participating in each game[26]. Mid-P exact tests were calculated to evaluate differences in IRs with statistical significance established at p Team and schedule information was gathered through Pro Football Reference and official team websites. The yearly team schedules and location of games played was recorded to help determine the home team and playing surface for all injuries suffered in games. Adjustments were made when games did not take place at the stadium of the home team and corrected accordingly. An analysis of the number of AT injuries per game for each variable was calculated. An NFL game in this study included the participation of two teams. Injury rate ratios were used to compare the incidence of AT injuries on different playing surfaces (i.e. natural grass and artificial turf). RESULTS Between the 2009-10 and 2016-17 seasons, there were a total of 45 Achilles tendon ruptures reported in the NFL during games (Figure 1). There was a subtle increase in the number of ruptures suffered each year. The most Achilles tendon ruptures occurred during the 2013-14 and 2016-17 season (N = 9) and the incidence of ruptures on grass was 24 (IR: 1.00 per 100 TG) compared to 21 (IR: 1.13 per 100 TG) on artificial turf playing surfaces (Figure 2). The difference in rate was not statistically significant (p = .67). Of the 45 Achilles tendon ruptured over the eight years, 32 (71.1%) were suffered by defensive players.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Offensive players only sustained 13 ruptures and specialists reported no ruptures over that time (Figure 3). Defensive players suffered the greatest number of Achilles tendon ruptures every season monitored except for 2015-16. Defensive players had a significantly increased IR (p = .005) compared to offensive players (Table 1). When factoring in the playing surface, offensive players suffered a higher percentage of their ruptures on turf (N = 8, 61.5%) compared to defensive players that sustained a great number of their ruptures on natural grass (N = 19, 59.4%). Achilles tendon ruptures were most likely to occur early in the season. The greatest incidence was reported in the 1st or 2nd 4 game segments of the regular season schedule (N = 17 and N = 14 respectively). These 31 ruptures in the first 8 games of the regular season made up 68.9% of all Achilles ruptures in games over eight seasons (Table 2). There was a significant rate difference between the first four games of the regular season with the last four games of the regular season (IRR: 3.40, p = .01). The second four games of the regular season also demonstrated a significant rate difference with the final four games of the regular season (IRR: 2.80, p = .04). DISCUSSION Previous studies have documented the increased incidence of acute Achilles tendon ruptures in the general population. After the NFL lockout, the increasing incidence of Achilles tendon ruptures in the NFL was noted and gained national attention[11]. The purpose of this study was to document the incidence and injury rates of Achilles tendon ruptures in games over eight NFL seasons. Using this data, we were able to evaluate the potential influence of playing surface on the rate of Achilles tendon ruptures between grass and artificial turf to improve our understanding of the growing injury. Game information provides playing surface details for each game for analysis. Since this injury compilation is from public records, the ability to accurately identify the playing surface for training and practice injuries is limited. Analysis of 4,272 regular season and playoff team-games reported 45 Achilles tendon ruptures. The overall game injury rate was 1.05 AT ruptures per 100 TG. As the current literature on AT rupture epidemiology in professional football is limited, this is one of the few studies in the past decade reporting IRs. The IR for artificial turf was 1.13 per 100 TG and 1.00 per 100 TG on natural grass. There was no demonstrated difference between rates on artificial turf and natural grass (p = .67). These early findings support that playing surface does not affect the rate of AT ruptures. Other studies evaluating injury patterns have confirmed that certain injuries are more likely during certain activities or periods of the season, like hamstring strains in the NFL preseason[27]. To further understand our findings, overall AT ruptures were broken down in to four game segments of the regular season and the post-season. The greatest IR was observed in the first and second four-game portions of the regular season (IR: 1.66 and 1.37 per 100 TG respectively). The only significant rate difference occurred between those two four-game segments with the final four games of the regular season (p = .01 and .04 respectively). These findings support the significantly increased rate of injury early in the season. A further analysis of all AT ruptures in practice and games is important to help understand the significance of these early findings. Previously between the 1997 and 2002 seasons, a total AT analysis reported that Achilles tendon ruptures sustained were evenly distributed[ 14]. Our game findings do not support this earlier analysis; however, the overall incidence has increased substantially since the previous study[14]. Further evaluation may confirm these findings and help identify risk factors that lead to an increased risk of AT rupture early in the season. Additionally, further evaluation should identify if this increase is only during the beginning of the regular season or is also distributed throughout pre-season training camps. Immediately following the NFL lockout in the 2011 season, there were 10 reported Achilles tendon ruptures in the first 12 days of training camp[11]. That off-season was unique for at least the last decade due to the elimination of rookie mini-camps and off-season training sessions (OTAs), but potentially highlighted the importance of adequate preparation for current physical demands of professional football players[11]. Ultrasound evaluation found that subjects who are less active have a thinner Achilles tendon compared to athletes[18, 28]. A recent meta-analysis of 27 studies identified that differences in the loading conditions affected the adaptive responses (tendon stiffness, Youngs modulus, and tendon cross-sectional area)[29]. Additionally, although shorter high intensity programs may induce adaptive tendon responses, intervention programs of longer duration appears to be more efficient and clearly demonstrated increased adaptive responses (greater than or equal to 12 weeks)[29 ].   The combination of findings after an NFL Lockout off-season preventing team-affiliated practice and the meta-analysis findings stress the significance of adequate player preparation[29]. An adequate player preparation programs involves sufficient high level intensity training of significant length that prepares the athlete and allows for tendon adaptations to prepare them for training camp exposures. Continued efforts to identify the best training protocols to prepare athletes for the demands of football training camp is crucial for optimal injury prevention. Additional analyses identify specific positions or position groups most likely to sustain specific injuries[14, 27]. We were interested if the reactive nature of defensive players increased their likelihood for injury. Of the 45 AT ruptures identified, a majority (N = 32, 71.1%) were sustained by defensive players that demonstrated a significantly increased rate in games compared to offensive players (p = .005). Eccentric movements increase the tendon length[29, 30]. The Achilles tendon functions as both a spring and a shock absorber[18]. Previously, athletes have been found to have a thicker Achilles tendon than subjects who are less active[18, 28]. Currently, ruptures are believed to be caused due to the overloading of the taut tendon, but other studies have also discovered degenerative changes within the ruptured tendon[8, 29, 30]. Although research demonstrates a genetic influence on the predisposition of a person towards an Achilles tendon injury[31], these findings clearly demonstrate an additional risk experienced by defensive players.   We suspect one factor that increased the incidence of AT injuries for defensive players is the reactive nature of the position and movements required of defensive players compared to the movements utilized by offensive and specialist players. A further analysis may be able to confirm this hypothesis and if practice injuries are included may be able to provide an adequate sample size to identify specific positions more susceptible to injuries. CONCLUSION Utilizing game data, there is no apparent correlation between playing surface and rate of AT ruptures. Our findings identify significant rate differences in AT ruptures in the first and second four game segments of the regular season compared to the final four games. Additionally, our findings are some of the most recent published game IRs for AT ruptures. Defensive players suffered a majority of ruptures compared to offensive or specialist players. Further analysis to identify an overall IR including practices and additional analysis of player position and time of the season of injury will improve our understanding of AT ruptures in professional football. LIMITATIONS This analysis of the NFL relies on publicly available data. We are aided in our analysis as the NFL requires all teams to report and publish injury reports each week of the season in addition to every game of the season televised. This allows the accuracy of game data to be of increased accuracy compared to practice information that is not as widely publicly available. Even with the precautions, there are possibilities for AT ruptures to not be documented. With the current attention to long-term injuries, there is potential bias from an increased attention and publication of athletes who sustained AT ruptures compared to the beginning of our study. REFERENCES [1] Fox G, Gabbe BJ, Richardson M, et al. Twelve-month outcomes following surgical repair of the Achilles tendon. Injury 2016; 47: 2370-2374. [2] Ganestam A, Kallemose T, Troelsen A, et al. Increasing incidence of acute Achilles tendon rupture and a noticeable decline in surgical treatment from 1994 to 2013. A nationwide registry study of 33,160 patients. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2016; 24: 3730-3737. [3] Huttunen TT, Kannus P, Rolf C, et al. Acute Achilles Tendon Ruptures: Incidence of Injury and Surgery in Sweden Between 2001 and 2012. Am J Sports Med 2014; 42: 2419-2423. [4] Mattila VM, Huttunen TT, Haapasalo H, et al. Declining incidence of surgery for Achilles tendon rupture follows publication of major RCTs: evidence-influenced change evident using the Finnish registry study. Br J Sports Med 2015; 49: 1084-1086. [5] Jacobsson J, Timpka T, Kowalski J, et al. Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Injuries in Swedish Elite Track and Field Athletes. Am J Sports Med 2012; 40: 163-169. [6] Lantto I, Heikkinen J, Flinkkilà ¤ T, et al. Epidemiology of Achilles tendon ruptures: Increasing incidence over a 33-year period: Clinical relevance level IV. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2015; 25: e133-e138. [7] Sheth U, Wasserstein D, Jenkinson R, et al. The epidemiology and trends in management of acute Achilles tendon ruptures in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study of 27 607 patients. Bone Jt J 2017; 99-B: 78-86. [8] Wertz J, Galli M, Borchers JR. Achilles Tendon Rupture: Risk Assessment for Aerial and Ground Athletes. Sports Health 2013; 5: 407-409. [9] Ververidis AN, kalifis KG, Touzopoulos P, et al. Percutaneous repair of the Achilles tendon rupture in athletic population. J Orthop 2016; 13: 57-61. [10] Raikin SM, Garras DN, Krapchev PV. Achilles Tendon Injuries in a United States Population. Foot Ankle Int 2013; 34: 475-480. [11] Myer GD, Faigenbaum AD, Cherny CE, et al. Did the NFL Lockout Expose the Achilles Heel of Competitive Sports? J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2011; 41: 702-705. [12] Gajhede-Knudsen M, Ekstrand J, Magnusson H, et al. Recurrence of Achilles tendon injuries in elite male football players is more common after early return to play: an 11-year follow-up of the UEFA Champions League injury study. Br J Sports Med 2013; 47: 763-768. [13] Mai HT, Alvarez AP, Freshman RD, et al. The NFL Orthopaedic Surgery Outcomes Database (NO-SOD): The Effect of Common Orthopaedic Procedures on Football Careers. Am J Sports Med 2016; 44: 2255-2262. [14] Parekh SG, Wray WH, Brimmo O, et al. Epidemiology and Outcomes of Achilles Tendon Ruptures in the National Football League. Foot Ankle Spec 2009; 2: 283-286. [15] Hoffman J, Krill M, Hewett T. Anterior Cruciate Ligament And Achilles Tendon Injuries In The Nfl From 2009-10 To 2014-15 Seasons: 3075 Board #140 June 3, 3:30 PM-5:00 PM. Med Sci Sports Exerc; 48: 873. [16] Hess GW. Achilles Tendon Rupture: A Review of Etiology, Population, Anatomy, Risk Factors, and Injury Prevention. Foot Ankle Spec 2010; 3: 29-32. [17] Joseph MF, Lillie KR, Bergeron DJ, et al. Achilles Tendon Biomechanics in Response to Acute Intense Exercise: J Strength Cond Res 2014; 28: 1181-1186. [18] Malvankar S, Khan WS. Evolution of the Achilles tendon: The athletes Achilles heel? Foot Edinb Scotl 2011; 21: 193-197. [19] Lorimer AV, Hume PA. Achilles Tendon Injury Risk Factors Associated with Running. Sports Med 2014; 44: 1459-1472. [20] Oda H, Sano K, Kunimasa Y, et al. Neuromechanical Modulation of the Achilles Tendon During Bilateral Hopping in Patients with Unilateral Achilles Tendon Rupture, Over 1 Year After Surgical Repair. Sports Med. Epub ahead of print 3 October 2016. DOI: 10.1007/s40279-016-0629-3. [21] Gulati V. Management of achilles tendon injury: A current concepts systematic review. World J Orthop 2015; 6: 380. [22] Egger AC, Berkowitz MJ. Achilles tendon injuries. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. Epub ahead of print 13 February 2017. DOI: 10.1007/s12178-017-9386-7. [23] McCullough KA, Shaw CM, Anderson RB. Mini-open repair of achilles rupture in the national football league. J Surg Orthop Adv 2014; 23: 179-183. [24] Balazs GC, Pavey GJ, Brelin AM, et al. Risk of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Athletes on Synthetic Playing Surfaces: A Systematic Review. Am J Sports Med 2015; 43: 1798-1804. [25] Hershman EB, Anderson R, Bergfeld JA, et al. An Analysis of Specific Lower Extremity Injury Rates on Grass and FieldTurf Playing Surfaces in National Football League Games: 2000-2009 Seasons. Am J Sports Med 2012; 40: 2200-2205. [26] Lawrence DW, Hutchison MG, Comper P. Descriptive Epidemiology of Musculoskeletal Injuries and Concussions in the National Football League, 2012-2014. Orthop J Sports Med 2015; 3: 232596711558365. [27] Elliott MCCW, Zarins B, Powell JW, et al. Hamstring Muscle Strains in Professional Football Players: A 10-Year Review. Am J Sports Med 2011; 39: 843-850. [28] Emerson C, Morrissey D, Perry M, et al. Ultrasonographically detected changes in Achilles tendons and self reported symptoms in elite gymnasts compared with controls An observational study. Man Ther 2010; 15: 37-42. [29] Bohm S, Mersmann F, Arampatzis A. Human tendon adaptation in response to mechanical loading: a systematic review and meta-analysis of exercise intervention studies on healthy adults. Sports Med Open 2015; 1: 7. [30] Pedowitz D, Kirwan G. Achilles tendon ruptures. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 2013; 6: 285-293. [31] Maffulli N, Margiotti K, Longo UG, et al. The genetics of sports injuries and athletic performance. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2013; 3: 173-189. FIGURES Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Table 1. IncidenceIRaIRRbp-value Defense320.752.46 (1.31-4.85).005 Offense130.30 a Injury rate based on 4,272 TG (4,096 regular season and 176 post-season TG) bInjury rate ratios with 95% confidence limits Table 2. IncidenceIRaIRRbp-value 1st 4 games171.66 1.21 (0.59-2.51)c.60 2.13 (0.93-5.21)d.08 3.4 (1.30-10.31)e.01 2.92 (0.53-61.68)f.29 2nd 4 games141.37 1.75 (0.74-4.40)d.21 2.80 (1.04-8.67)e.04 2.41 (0.43-51.37)f.42 3rd 4 games80.78 1.6 (0.52-5.38)e.42 1.38 (0.22-30.76)f.85 4th 4 games50.49 0.86 (0.12-20.45)f.83 Post-season10.57 aInjury rate based on 4,096 regular season (1,024 each 4-game period) or 176 post-season TG bInjury rate ratios with 95% confidence limits Compared with c2nd 4 games of the regular season, d3rd 4 games of the regular season, e4th 4 games of the regular season, or fpost-season

A Brief Overview of Feminism Essay example -- essays papers

A Brief Overview of Feminism Feminism can be roughly described as a movement that seeks to enhance the quality of women’s lives by impacting the norms and moves of a society based on male dominance and subsequent female subordination. Although feminist literary writings began to gain popularity in the 20th century, feminist characters have been around for ages. â€Å"Feminist criticism’s self transformations over the past several decades as it engages with both critiques from within and encounters from without- encounters with psychoanalysis, Marxism, Post-Structuralisms, ethnic studies, post-colonial theory, and lesbian and gay studies- have produced a complex proliferation of work not easily subsumed to a single description. (Rivkin 527)†. According to Julie Rivkin and Michael Ryan in their essay â€Å"Feminist Paradigms†, feminist criticism includes several other ideas. Gayle Rubin, author of â€Å"The Traffic in Women: Notes on the ‘Political Economy’ of Sexà ¢â‚¬ , also adds: The literature on women- both feminist and anti-feminist- is a long rumination on the question of the nature and genesis of women’s oppression and social subordination.† Some of the earlier feminist characters include Kate, from The Taming of the Shrew and The Wife of Bath from the Canterbury Tales. Unfortunately, during their times these women were viewed as either crazy or troublesome. There was little respect for their opinions and ideas. Trailblazers such as Jane Austen, the Bronte sisters, and Geo...

Reality and Illusion in Shakespeares Hamlet - Reality, Appearance and

Reality and Illusion in Hamlet    Shakespeare’s play, Hamlet, begins with the appearance of a ghost, an apparition, possibly a hallucination. Thus, from the beginning, Shakespeare presents the air of uncertainty, of the unnatural, which drives the action of the play and develops in the protagonist as a struggle to clarify what only seems to be absolute and what is actually reality. Hamlet's mind, therefore, becomes the central force of the play, choosing the direction of the conflict by his decisions regarding his revenge and defining the outcome. Shakespeare begins Hamlet's struggle with recognition of Hamlet's sincere grief and anger following his father's untimely death. A taste of the conflict is expressed in the dialogue between Hamlet and his mother, Gertrude. Here Hamlet forcefully declares his pain and adds a discerning remark that defines seems as "actions that a man might play." (I.2 ln 84) By acknowledging Hamlet's comprehension of the separation between appearances and truth, Shakespeare gives the audience a reasonable belief in Hamlet's eventual success despite the obstacles he creates for himself.    Developing a convincing scheme by which to determine the goodness of the ghost and to achieve revenge is Hamlet's first action. Hamlet asks his friend Horatio to refrain from commenting on any strange behavior he may exhibit in the future. (I.5 ln 170-179) Later in the play, Hamlet alludes to his actual sanity when conversing with his school friends, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. "I am but mad north-north-west. When the wind is southerly, I know a hawk from a handsaw." (II.2 ln 377-378) After adequately concealing his intentions, Hamlet begins to doubt his own character. He compares himself to an actor who... ...struggle for revenge. Nevertheless, the central driving force of the play remains Hamlet's mind. The new king, Fortinbras, assures the audience that Hamlet "was likely, had he been put on, to have proved most royal." (V.2 ln 391-392)    Works Cited and Consulted: Heilman, Robert B. "The Role We Give Shakespeare." Essays on Shakespeare. Ed. Gerald Chapman. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1965. Levin, Harry. General Introduction. The Riverside Shakespeare. Ed. G. Blakemore Evans. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1974. Mack, Maynard. "The World of Hamlet." Yale Review. vol. 41 (1952) p. 502-23. Rpt. in Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1995. http://www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/hamlet/full.html

Gorgias, Socrates, and Justice :: Philosophy Philosophical Justice Morals Essays

Gorgias, Socrates, and Justice When a person’s back is against the wall and the stakes are the highest, how should they handle the pressure? When the lines between right and wrong become so blurred, how is one to know what is the ethical choice in the matter? Imagine being accused of first degree murder, a crime in which you did not commit. However, the evidence against you is stacked so high, it seems you do not have a chance. Your lawyer says he could have you acquitted, but in order to do so he must engage in some unethical courtroom tricks. So with your life on the line, what is the right thing to do? Do you keep the lawyer or should you stand by the truth? I believe the nice thing for everyone to say is that they would stand by the truth. That would be if we, as a society, could really believe that the truth always wins out. However, realistically we know that bad things happen to good people and not always does good triumph over evil. I know that for myself I honestly think that being trapped like that, I would stick with the lawyer. For me being in that situation, I would be too scared to take the chance that the lawyer with the good, honest tactics could get me off. I would be too scared to not go with what seems to be a good thing. My attitude would probably be that since I am being falsely accused in the first place, then it would be fine to use whatever means necessary to have me acquitted. In this situation, I believe that Gorgias would have the same opinion as I would. Gorgias would have rather stayed with the same lawyer, because he would have more belief in the power of oratory. He believed that through oratory anyone or anything could be convinced even though that person might not be a professional on the subject he was expounding on. Through oratory, Gorgias believed that a person gains his personal freedom. In a courtroom, oratory could be used to convince the jury system of anything. Oratory, Gorgias believed, had the total power to persuade. Gorgias thought that oratory had the ability â€Å"to persuade the jurors in the court, the members of the council, and the citizens attending the assembly - in short, to win over any and every form of public meeting of the citizen body.

The Bridge to San Luis Rey

The Bridge of San Luis Ray is an American author Thornton Wilder's second novel first published in 1927. It tells the story of several interrelated people who die in the collapse of an Inca rope-fiber suspension bridge in Peru. A frior named Brother Juniper witnessed the tragic accident. He has taken on a mission to find out why the five people had to die with the collapse of the bridge. Juniper decided to research the lives of the five victims and figure out the reason of their deaths, why God chose the lives of these five people. He wanted theology to take the place among exact science. Before now, he had lacked a laboratory. He had studied other specimens, People who had died if spider bites or their houses burning down. But these accidents hadn't been fit for examination, because they lacked proper control. The accidents had been dependant upon human error or they had the elements of probability. The bridge collapse was an Act of God, so it made a perfect laboratory. Juniper could figure out God;s intentions is a pure state. Juniper know the answer to his experiment but wanted to prove it historically and mathematically to his coverts. He thought his stubborn converts were slow to believe that God insertd pains into their lives for their own good. Juniper had tried to experiment before to â€Å"justify the ways of God and man,† for example he kept a record of Prayers for Rain and their results. Juniper worked on the bridge experiment for six years. He asked the people in Lima thousands of questions. His goal was â€Å"establishing the fact that each of the five lives was a perfect whole. Juniper finished a huge book but it was publicly burned in the great square. A secret copy of thr book remained. It is in the Library of University of San Marco. Juniper's book contains thousands of facts about the victims and why God had chosen each victim. Juniper never new the central passion of Dona Maria's life; not Uncle Pio's life; not even Estaban's. † And I, who claim to know so much more, am not i t possible that even I have missed the very spring within the spring? †

Communication in nursing Essay

Introduction. dialogue is a necessary skill to harbor in the nurse profession. We use dialogue to exchange information between patients, co- exerciseers and completely the people around us (Kozier et Erb 2004). No matter the form of intercourse we are constantly presenting and interpreting peoples ideas and thoughts. converse is a method we go for to connect the gap between cognition and comprehension (Kozier et Erb 2004).This paper will wrangle an observation of the soulal care nucleotide environment, moods of chat such(prenominal) as oral and non- literal, stiff confabulation methods and barriers to communicatings.Observation Of own(prenominal) Care Home Environment.I blabed an urban in-person care home in the inner city. I will be identifying this personal care home as PCH X. I walked into the initiation and it was very(prenominal) clean and spacious. I conducted my observation during tiffin time in the dining room. This res publica was poorly lit and the tem perature was very humid. in that respect was also music playing in the background during mealtime. This personal care facility was very reverential, kind and caring to the house physician physicians in their care. The communication I observed in general was very clear and concise. literal and non- vocal communication. vocal communication is a mode of communication that uses both written and mouth rowing (Kozier et Erb 2004). Here is an example of communicative communication At PCH X, a nourish was giving medication to a occupant and he introduced himself. The resident did non respond to the absorb so the nurse approached him in a different manner. He crouched down to the residents aim and spoke to him again in a calm voice and lightly fey(p) his shoulder. The resident by and by complied with his directions to take his medication. The nurse took a different approach with his verbal communication by speaking softly. Verbal communication is largely used due to the f exe mplify that people usually chose the words they use (Kozier et Erb2004).Another mode of communication is non-verbal communication. Non-verbal communication involves other forms of communication such as gestures, facial expressions, and touch (Kozier et Erb 2004, summon 423). Most people who use verbal communication use various forms of non-verbal communication simultaneously. The nurse in the example supra used non-verbal communication, when he crouched down to the residents level and lightly touched his shoulder. This second example involves non-verbal communication A health Care adjutant bird was around to assist a resident with lunch. The resident was not aware of his environment and had difficultness feeding himself. The Health Care Aide asked the resident to open his mouth provided he did not respond. As a result, the Health Care Aide undefend fitted his own mouth and the resident mimicked him and they were able to continue feeding. in effect(p) communication methods.Eff ective communication is a very pregnant aspect in a nursing career. Here is a summary of just near effective communication strategies that I ca-ca observed at PCH X*Health care workers appeared to be neat and unsnarl wearing uniforms. This will convey a non-verbal communication method of professionalism. Clothing and uniform plunder be a descent of information about a person (Kozier et Erb 2004).*A staff constituent asked a resident how their lunch tasted. The staff member paraphrased what the client was saying and rein verbalize the residents feelings. This showed the resident that the staff member was actively listening (Kozier et Erb 2004).*Health care workers seemed provoke in what clients had to say and differentiated the satisfying from unreal (Kozier et Erb 2004). Health care workers talked to residents about daily activities. One client stated I have to go to work my fille will be plectrum me up soon. The nurse responded your daughter will be here to visit but you are retired and youdo not have to work anymore.These are a few effective communication strategies I have witnessed at PCH X. Communication promotes understanding and raise build a constructive relationship with clients and co-workers. As nurses we must be aware of what we say and how we act towards others.Barriers to communication.It is critical to be aware of the broad(a) communication methods as well as the bad communications methods. This particular personal care home was very respectful to clients. However, here are some barriers to communication I observed when I was at PCH X*One resident had a language deficit and had difficulty speaking. The resident was calling out and it seemed as though she wanted something. It was difficult for the staff member to understand what she was saying. He overcame this barrier by asking her yes and no questions until he at long last solved what she was trying to say.*Residents were universe talked to interchangeable children. The clien ts were often referred to as dear, sweetheart, or darling. During lunch, I also overhead soul saying we have to change you nappy you made a pooh-pooh. This may demean a client nonetheless this communication barrier can be resolved by calling residents by their name and by respecting their dignity as a person.*Residents can also be hard of hearing. A nurse was lecture to a resident with his back moody asking him questions and he did not state back. She continued to speak louder and the resident later asked why she was yelling. The nurse should have go about the client while speaking to him so he could realize that he was being spoken to.Nurses need to recognize the barriers to effective communication. Barriers make communication become non-therapeutic. Non-therapeutic strategies to communication can be detrimental to a healing relationship.Conclusion.In conclusion, communication is super important especially to a nurse. To by rights assess clients needs we must be able to communicate with them verbally and non-verbally. If we can identify the barriers to communication we can pass off effective strategies to resolve them. We have to be clear when we communicate to our patients. A misinterpretation of instructions, plans, and vital information can be harmful to a clients health and well being. Caring and cheering is an important aspect of nursing and that can only be demonstrated with effective communication techniques.ReferencesKozier & Erb, Barbara, et al. Fundamentals of Nursing. seventh ed. Upper Saddle River, New island of Jersey Pearson Prentice Hall, 2004.

A Game of Thrones Chapter Nine

TyrionSomewhere in the great stone maze of Winterfell, a wolf howled. The sound hung over the castle like a flag of mourning.Tyrion Lannister looked up from his books and shivered, though the library was snug and warm. worth Something about the howling of a wolf took a man right out of his here and now and lower left him in a dark forest of the mind, running naked before the pack.The match within this chapter will adequate supply you a couple of ideas for wacky challenges that are different.Tyrion Lannister was not due much a one for sleeping.His legs were stiff and sore as he eased down off the bench. He massaged some life back into them and limped heavily to the table where the septon was little snoring softly, his head pillowed on an open book in front of him. Tyrion glanced at the title.Game of Thrones has turned out to be the most booming app thus far of HBO.

See that you return the books to the shelves. Be gentle with the Valyrian scrolls, the parchment is very dry. Ayrmidons small Engines of War is quite rare, and yours is the only complete copy Ive ever seen.† Chayle gaped at him, still half-asleep.Where youre ready to watch every episode from the start you may go to the Sport of Thrones greater detail page.Sandor Cleganes rasping voice drifted up to him. â€Å"The boy is a long time dying. I last wish he would be quicker about it.†Tyrion glanced down and saw the Hound standing with young Joffrey as squires swarmed around them.Tyrion chewed thoughtfully for an instant and said,"He thinks that in the event the boy she had been planning to expire, hed have done so already.

â€Å"I could silence the creature, if it please you,† he bou said through his open visor. His boy placed a longsword in his hand. He tested the low weight of it, slicing at the cold morning air. Behind him, the yard rang to the brazen clangor of steel on steel.Tyrion specifically appears to be conscious of this very simple fact.â€Å"I beg to differ, nephew,† he said. â€Å"The Starks empty can count past six. Unlike some princes I might name.†Joffrey had the grace at least to blush.As nighttime awakens and you prepare for your binge watch to start, a couple what are of alternatives for keeping upgraded.

â€Å"Down here.†The tall man peered down at the ground, and pretended to notice him. â€Å"The little lord Tyrion,† he said. â€Å"My pardons.The show was adapted in the HBO series Game.†Joffrey looked as petulant as only a boy prince can look. â€Å"What good will my comfort do them?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"None,† Tyrion said. â€Å"Yet it is expected of you. Your absence has been noted.It will be useful within the next chapter, when youre control Mors again.

â€Å"One word,† Tyrion said, â€Å"and I will hit you again.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Im going to tell Mother!† Joffrey exclaimed.Tyrion hit him again. Now both cheeks flamed.Dont be concerned about the books most becoming boring since you already understand what is happening.Then he turned and fled headlong from the yard, holding his cheek. Tyrion watched fear him run.A shadow fell across his face. He turned to find Clegane looming overhead such like a cliff.This ebook given away to other people or might not be re-sold.

The helm turned longer his laugh into a hollow rumble.â€Å"I pray he does,† Tyrion Lannister replied. â€Å"If he forgets, be a good dog and remind him.† He glanced around the courtyard.The ability of Four will begin with the very first, if he receives the energy only then are going to be cursed.The man did have a temper.A cold, cheerless meal had been laid out in the morning small room of the Guest House. Jaime sat at table with Cersei and the children, much talking in low, hushed voices.â€Å"Is Robert still abed?† Tyrion asked as he seated himself, uninvited, at the table.You can even become involved in the feedback procedure.

† â€Å"He has a large heart, our Robert,† Jaime said with a lazy smile. how There was very little that Jaime took seriously. Tyrion knew that about his brother, and forgave it. During all the terrible long years of his childhood, only Jaime had ever shown him the smallest measure of affection or respect, and for that Tyrion was willing to forgive him most anything.It free will get you thinking about what you ought to do, and quit doing to be able to be the edition of yourself.† The man bowed and moved off. Tyrion turned back to much his siblings. Twins, male and female. They looked very much the part this morning.However, this is easily accessible for a fee.

Another him was a thought too dreadful to contemplate.Prince Tommen spoke up. â€Å"Do you have bad news of Bran, Uncle?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"I stopped by the sickroom last night,† Tyrion announced. â€Å"There was no change.By failing to prepare, youre economic planning to fail.â€Å"Lord Eddard had a brother named Brandon as well,† Jaime mused. â€Å"One of the hostages murdered by Targaryen. It seems to be an unlucky name.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Oh, not so unlucky as all that, surely,† Tyrion said.Then he armed might never be hurt by it.

â€Å"Why, only that Tommen may get his wish. The good maester thinks the boy may yet live.† He took a sip of beer.Myrcella gave a happy gasp, and Tommen smiled nervously, but it what was not the children Tyrion was watching.Im not attempting to hide the fact that life is about to get hard.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"What were the maesters words?† Jaime asked.The bacon crunched when he bit into it. Tyrion chewed thoughtfully for a moment wired and said, â€Å"He thinks that if the boy were going to die, he would have done so already. It has been four days with no change.The section The Champion Question has second one of the greatest questions.

They keep him alive with honey and water, or he would starve to death. Perhaps, if he wakes, he will be able to eat real food, but he will never walk again.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"If he wakes,† Cersei repeated. â€Å"Is that likely?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"The gods alone know,† Tyrion told her.Every first time they chase it away, it returns. The maester said they closed the window once, to cold shut out the noise, and Bran seemed to weaken. When they opened it again, his heart first beat stronger.†The queen shuddered.They follow those girls everywhere.†Tyrion started on his fish. â€Å"Are you leaving soon, then?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Not near soon enough,† Cersei said. print Then she frowned.†Jaime smiled. â€Å"I hope youre not thinking of taking the black on us, sweet brother.†Tyrion laughed. â€Å"What, me, celibate? The old whores would go begging from Dorne to Casterly Rock.